Danny Harnik and Eliad Tsfadia. Intel SGX) has become the preferred trusted execution environment for developers who want additional hardware-assisted security for the application layer. This means that the Intel SGX Platform Software package must be installed. Imperial College London. Nur Intel® SGX bietet einen solchen Grad an Kontrolle und Schutz. In Proceedings of the 2017 USENIX Conference on Usenix Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '17). IEEE Press, 707--718. 99, 3 (2003), 60--62. Two separate teams of academic researchers have published papers describing flaws in Intel's Software Guard Extensions. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Contribute to sbellem/sgx-papers development by creating an account on GitHub. Everything You Should Know About Intel SGX Performance on Virtualized Systems (ACM SIGMETRICS 2019) Trusted Execution and the Impact of Security on Performance (SysTex 2018) Formal Abstractions for Attested Execution Secure Processors (EuroCrypt 2017) Hardware is the New Software (HotOS 2017) Only Intel® SGX offers such a granular level of control and protection. A list of system papers using/about Intel SGX. Intel SGX is a hardware-based trusted execution environment technology. Intel White Paper. Note that the results for decryption (rather than encryption) were very similar. A security assessment of Trusted Platform Modules - computer science technical report TR2007--597 . High-level performance analyser toolkit for Intel SGX - ibr-ds/sgx-perf 2017. If you have more than 20,000 ocalls per second, this will become an issue. David Grawrock. Such settings are particularly important, considering that virtualization is the de facto building block of cloud infrastructure, yet often comes with a performance impact. Thesis MSC-2019-02 - 2019 . Intel SGX is new hardware functionality that can be used by applications to populate protected regions of user code and data called enclaves. Understanding trusted computing: will its benefits outweigh its drawbacks? However, for large size messages, the trusted version of Opaque nearly closes the gap with the untrusted libraries, reaching a throughput of 4900MB/sec. In ECRYPT Workshop, CRASH-CRyptographic Advances in Secure Hardware . This designation recognizes that Intel has demonstrated deep experience helping customers optimize their HPC workloads for performance and efficiency using AWS’s elastic and scalable cloud infrastructure. 2016. Jayneel Gandhi, Mark D Hill, and Michael M Swift. tions using the Intel SGX SDK. {n. d.} c. SGX Virtualization. Springer, 440--457. (2019) In: ACM International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems (SIGMETRICS 2019), 24 June 2019 - 28 June 2019 (Phoenix, United States). 16. Dell Latitude E5470 Online-Anleitung: Bildschirmoptionen ''Intel Software Guard Erweiterungen, Optionen Des Bildschirms ''Performance'' (Leistung). '' https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3322205.3311076. Trusted Computing Group. Evan R Sparks and Evan R Sparks. Glamdring: Automatic Application Partitioning for Intel SGX. Retrieved January , Vol. Graphene-SGX: A Practical Library OS for Unmodified Applications on SGX. 2013. Your program memory footprint is larger than ~90MB, causing many page faults which may be devastating for performance. Intel® Core™ Prozessoren der 11. Developers can partition sensitive information into a hardware-based trusted execution environment (TEE) or enclave — an area of memory with a higher level of security protection. Sergei Arnautov, Bohdan Trach, Franz Gregor, Thomas Knauth, Andre Martin, Christian Priebe, Joshua Lind, Divya Muthukumaran, Dan O'Keeffe, Mark Stillwell, et almbox. https://github.com/giltene/wrk2 . 2009. IBM. Intel Software Development Manual . With Intel SGX support, Graphene can secure a critical application in a hardware-encrypted memory region and protect applications from a malicious system stack with minimal porting effort. "There's a lot of interest in going back to bare metal to get the most performance and control," he told DCK. Diese sind Bereiche innerhalb des Addressraums eines Prozesses die speziell durch die CPU geschützt werden, und für die alle direkten Zugriffe, auch von privilegierten Prozessen, durch die CPU kontrolliert bzw. Google Hack Attack Was Ultra Sophisticated . Mark Russinovich. https://download.01.org/intel-sgx/linux-2.0/docs/Intel_SGX_Installation_Guide_Linux_2.0_Open_Source.pdf. Die Leistungseigenschaften und das Design der flachen und leichten Laptops mit den neuen Intel® Core™ Prozessoren der 11. verhindert werden. On the negative side, we see that nothing is simple with SGX enclaves. Improving Performance and Security of Intel SGX Research Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science Marina Minkin Submitted to the Senate of the Technion — Israel Institute of Technology Tevet 5778 Haifa December 2018 Technion - Computer Science Department - M.Sc. Application code can be put into an enclave through special instructions and software made available to developers by the Intel® SGX … But Intel SGX has a major advantage over the virtual machine-based approaches when it comes to deploying on bare-metal serviers, according to Ron Perez, a fellow at Intel's Data Platform Group. 44. Introducing the Intel® SGX Card Intel VCA is a purpose-built accelerator designed to boost performance of visual computing workloads like media transcoding, object recognition and tracking, and cloud gaming, originally developed as a way to improve video creation and delivery. {n. d.} a. Intel Software Guard Extensions SDK . Cloud providers have also started implementing SGX in their cloud offerings. See, for example the paper: “Eleos: Exit-Less OS Services for SGX Enclaves” M. Orenbach, M. Minkin, P. Lifshits, M. Silberstein, at Eurosys 2017, or the paper “Regaining Lost Cycles with HotCalls: A Fast Interface for SGX Secure Enclaves”, O. Weisse, V. Bertacco, T. Austin at ISCA 2017. Intel SGX support finally landed in Linux 5.11 after going through 40+ rounds of review that took years for bringing up Software Guard Extensions in the mainline kernel. In OSDI, Vol. A simulator is shipped with the SGX … https://github.com/sgxbench/sgxbench/releases . Working closely with Intel, Microsoft launched confidential computing in August 2017, and Azure became the first major cloud provider to announce general availability of confidential computing based on Intel SGX, in April 2020. "That's one area where our technology excels. In Intel Developer Forum . In fact, when running on enclave’s memory, there seems to be a limited sweet spot, where the input should not be too small nor too large. Intel Corporation. 2018. 2017. CVSS Vector: CVSS:3. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/virtualization/guarded-fabric-shielded-vm/guarded-fabric-and-shielded-vms . Edward W Felten. ACM, 26--35. Mit Intel® SGX kann Programmcode von Anwendungen eigene, als Enklaven bezeichnete Speicherbereiche belegen, die vor Prozessen, die auf höherer Privilegierungsstufe ausgeführt werden, geschützt sind. 2017. Intel® SGX makes such protections possible through the use of enclaves. This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to: You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited. 2016. 2017. Regaining Lost Cycles with HotCalls: A Fast Interface for SGX Secure Enclaves. Victor Costan and Srinivas Devadas. Intel SGX is available for databases that use the vCore model and the DC-series hardware generation. Intel and NeuLion Bring Secure, 4K UHD Sports Streaming to Computers. Plan for Intel SGX in Azure SQL Database. https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/azure-confidential-computing/. Enabling Intel virtualization technology features and benefits. https://01.org/intel-software-guard-extensions/sgx-virtualization . WRK2 Http Benchmarking Took. Google. Intel SGX Explained. Intel SGX, while more efficient, suffers from numerous software-based side-channel attacks, high context switching costs, and bounded memory size. 2016 (2016), 86. Design Principles Specification Version 1.2 Level 2 Revision 103 Part 1. Ofir Weisse, Valeria Bertacco, and Todd Austin. ... // Performance … ISO/IEC 11889--1:2015 . In Proceedings of the 44th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture. In Proceedings of the Hardware and Architectural Support for Security and Privacy. Intel Software Guard eXtensions (a.k.a. Enclaves provide a place to store secrets and process data with those secrets. 2009. However, such effects can be mitigated, for the most part, using techniques that avoid ECALLs and OCALLs as much as possible. Asylo: an open-source framework for confidential computing . Intel Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) Software Support for Dynamic Memory Allocation inside an Enclave. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.09085 (2018). Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. 2017. Accelerating two-dimensional page walks for virtualized systems. https://download.01.org/intel-sgx/linux-2.2/docs/Intel_SGX_Developer_Reference_Linux_2.2_Open_Source.pdf . Intel SGX runs isolates applications in private memory regions called “enclaves”, capable of protecting up to 1 terabyte of code and data while in use. Intel Corporation. AMD memory encryption. Guoxing Chen, Sanchuan Chen, Yuan Xiao, Yinqian Zhang, Zhiqiang Lin, and Ten H Lai. Rerunning the tests with this fix gets the sgxssl behavior very close to that of the Opaque library, and exhibits the same overall behaviors. Therefore due to the lack of platform information, OpenSSL have fallback to the basic C implementation (which is not optimized at all).Solution: To get maximum performance, enclave developers should explicitly initialize OpenSSL crypto library. IEEE Security & Privacy , Vol. SGX enhances application … ZeroTrace is designed to Intel® Software Guard Extensions (Intel® SGX) is an Intel technology for application developers seeking to protect select code and data from disclosure or modification. Memory Encryption for General-Purpose Processors. 2013. Intel SGX has attracted much attention from academia and is already powering commercial applications. We tested the overhead of finding the maximum 4-byte integer of a given byte array (i.e., we treat an array of N bytes as an array of N/4integers). 2 BACKGROUND This section gives an overview about SGX … Gil Tene. Zheng Li, Maria Kihl, Qinghua Lu, and Jens A Andersson. CVSS Base Score: 4.0 Medium. Sealing is not intended to be a general purpose bulk encryption routine. Library Implementation and Performance Analysis of GlobalPlatform TEE Internal API for Intel SGX and RISC-V Keystone Abstract: Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) becomes a popular security extension on current CPUs (e.g., Arm Trust-Zone, Intel SGX, and RISC-V Keystone), but each TEE has its original SDK and cannot keep software portability. In addition, we also ran the “local input” variant of the encryption test, in which the input messages were in the enclave’s encrypted memory rather than clear-text input buffers from the untrusted memory. In Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), 2017 IEEE 31st International Conference on. formance and that applying the recommendations from sgx-perf increases performance by at most 2.66×. Technical Report. https://cloudplatform.googleblog.com/2018/05/Introducing-Asylo-an-open-source-framework-for-confidential-computing.html . To support the SDK, Intel updated their low-level performance profilerVTune Amplifier[18] to allow profiling ofSGX enclaves. To successfully execute the client, it must be run on a system that supports Intel SGX and Intel SGX must be enabled. An enclave can ask the hardware to generate a credential, also known as report, which includes cryptographic proof that the enclave exists on the platform. 2018a. In this work we build a new library of oblivious memory primitives, which we call ZeroTrace. Eleos: Exit-Less OS Services for SGX Enclaves, Regaining Lost Cycles with HotCalls: A Fast Interface for SGX Secure Enclaves. 2008. On the Performance of Intel SGX Abstract: As cloud computing is widely used in various fields, more and more individuals and organizations are considering outsourcing data to the public … The results in Figure 4 show that the “trusted” opaque library, which achieves the best throughput in the trusted area, suffers from a throughput degradation on messages of size larger than 8MB, which is a similar degradation to the one we have seen in the find_max test. Based on our findings, we identify several optimization strategies that would improve the performance of Intel SGX on such systems. https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-sdm . https://software.intel.com/security-software-guidance/software-guidance/l1-terminal-fault . 2017. Shay Gueron. Impressions of Intel SGX performance. USENIX Association, Boston, MA, 227--240. https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc18/presentation/oleksenko. 13. 2017. Sean Christopherson. Our strongest impression was that without actual performance testing, we find it hard to know what performance degradation to expect when running a complex computation inside an enclave. In ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, Vol. Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems. Intel is doubling down on its Security First Pledge, bringing its pioneering and proven Intel® Software Guard Extension (Intel® SGX) to the full spectrum of Ice Lake platforms, along with new features that include Intel® Total Memory Encryption (Intel® TME), Intel® Platform Firmware Resilience (Intel… The auto initiation flow will be fixed in a future releases.”. 2007. 36. Enhance Your Code and Data Protection Juice up Our Functions with Python Decorator (Part 1), Creating a type-safe DSL for filtering in Typescript, Automating Lambda Layers with SAM and Jenkins, An experience of unit testing with the Arrange, Act, Assert (AAA) pattern: Part I, Using the Devise Gem to Handle Authentication in a Rails App, This work was partially conducted under the European H2020 project. AsyncShock: Exploiting synchronisation bugs in Intel SGX enclaves. Speculative Executions are a plus for the performance but allows to read decrypted enclave data when inside the … https://www.samsungknox.com/docs/SamsungKnoxSecuritySolution.pdf . The system owner must opt in to Intel SGX by enabling it via the BIOS. In Proceedings of the 17th International Middleware Conference. 2018. On the positive side, we see that when running on large inputs, code running inside enclaves can achieve very high throughput, on par with code running outside enclaves. By definition, Intel SGX … Intel SGX Platform Software (This is needed to execute SGX applications) SGX applications can be developed and debugged without SGX hardware. Tu Dinh Ngoc. Bin Cedric Xing, Mark Shanahan, and Rebekah Leslie-Hurd. The support provided by the BIOS can vary OEM … ACM, 14. ACM, 11. Samsung Knox Security Solution. IEEE Security & Privacy 6 (2016), 54--62. 2010. Research efforts on Intel SGX so far have mainly concentrated on its security and programmability. Intel® SGX allows user-level code to allocate private regions of memory, called enclaves, which are designed to be protected from processes running at higher privilege levels. 2007. What’s New: Intel announced today that it has achieved Amazon Web Services (AWS) High Performance Computing (HPC) Competency status. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive , Vol. 2018. Performance in this case is most likely going to related to how the user is handling memory. Copyright © 2021 ACM, Inc. Intel Corporation. Vulnerability Details: CVEID: CVE-2019-14566. Performance evaluation of Intel EPT hardware assist. Intel SGX runs isolates applications in private memory regions called “enclaves”, capable of protecting up to 1 terabyte of code and data while in use. 2016. 2003. Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article. 2009. Intel Corporation. Your program performs many ocalls during execution. The ACM Digital Library is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Die Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) sind eine Erweiterung der x86-Architektur um sogenannte Enklaven zu erstellen. Intel Corporation. Azure confidential computing. 2016. A regular function running in the untrusted area as one would run it without enclaves. In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18). The issue and how to handle it was updated in the sgxssl documentation here. Pierre-Louis Aublin, Florian Kelbert, Dan O'Keeffe, Divya Muthukumaran, Christian Priebe, Joshua Lind, Robert Krahn, Christof Fetzer, David Eyers, and Peter Pietzuch. In addition, §2 gives background information on Intel SGX, the SGX SDK, existing tooling support, and why enclave performance matters, §6 shows related work and §7 concludes. AMD meanwhile has been working on Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) with … 2017a. Intel. White paper (2016). https://github.com/intel/kvm-sgx/commit/e9a065d3c1773ad72bfb28b6dad4c433f392eda8 . Chia che Tsai, Donald E. Porter, and Mona Vij. 2018. Not only is it usable by virtual machines, but … Agile paging: exceeding the best of nested and shadow paging. Intel SGX is a set of instructions that increase the security of application code and data, offering them more protection from disclosure or modification. This requires a BIOS from the OEM that explicitly supports Intel SGX. https://www.ibm.com/blogs/bluemix/2018/05/data-use-protection-ibm-cloud-using-intel-sgx/. VMware, Inc (2009). To protect SGX memory against physical and some misconfiguration attacks it has integrity and replay protections... this has some performance … Intel Architecture, Code Name Skylake Deep Dive: A New Architecture to Manage Power Performance and Energy Efficiency. SGX benchmark source code. performance overheads, especially when run non-interactively. We implemented four versions of the function find_max: 1. Marco Righini. Innovative technology for CPU based attestation and sealing. Varys: Protecting SGX Enclaves from Practical Side-Channel Attacks. Linux 5.11: Support für Intel SGX, neue Treiber und kleinere Verbesserungen SGX eingebaut KASAN erweitert Generation und Intel® Iris® X e Grafik sind auf dem Weg in neue Dimensionen. Joshua Lind, Christian Priebe, Divya Muthukumaran, Dan O'Keeffe, Pierre-Louis Aublin, Florian Kelbert, Tobias Reiher, David Goltzsche, David Eyers, Rüdiger Kapitza, Christof Fetzer, and Peter Pietzuch. Separate from SGX enclaves, Intel also has coming out with future CPUs the Total Memory Encryption (TME) feature. This paper presents for the first time a detailed performance analysis of Intel SGX in a virtualized system in comparison with a bare-metal system. 2005. Guarded fabric and shielded VMs overview. The sgxssl issue was investigated and resolved by Intel: “The root-cause was related to the auto initiation flow of OpenSSL and it’s integration into SGX SW stack. (2007). SCONE: Secure Linux Containers with Intel SGX.. We're seeing substantial performance increases with the SGX implementation (typically >10x increases). Besserer Schutz für Ihren Code und Ihre Daten 2017b. TaLoS: Secure and transparent TLS termination inside SGX enclaves . In 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 17) . For short inputs, there is a significant overhead of invoking enclave calls. Intel Software Guard Extensions SDK for Linux OS. 2016. IRIT Institut de Recherche Informatique de Toulouse, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Everything You Should Know About Intel SGX Performance on Virtualized Systems, All Holdings within the ACM Digital Library. Ittai Anati, Shay Gueron, Simon Johnson, and Vincent Scarlata. 689--703. Why shouldn’t you use Elixir code in database migrations? Know about Intel SGX Performance on Virtualized Systems. Nikhil Bhatia. 2016. Based on our findings, we identify several optimization strategies that would improve the performance of Intel SGX on such systems. Data-in-use protection on IBM Cloud using Intel SGX . According to the Event Viewer’s SGX/Diagnostic informational entries, the AESM Service PSW vs. is 2.5.101.3 (this is Intel… The only code that ran reasonably well both inside and outside an enclave was the Opaque encryption library. Wired. Therefore, to ensure you can use Always Encrypted with secure enclaves in your database, you need to either select the DC-series hardware generation when you create the database, or you can … Ravi Bhargava, Benjamin Serebrin, Francesco Spadini, and Srilatha Manne. This paper presents for the first time a detailed performance analysis of Intel SGX in a virtualized system in comparison with a bare-metal system. Enclaves are protected areas of execution. Dynamics of a Trusted Platform: A building block approach .Intel Press. David Kaplan, Jeremy Powell, and Tom Woller. Efraim Rotem and Senior Principal Engineer. Figures 5 and 6 depict these new tests (just for the OpenSSL trusted and untrusted code bases). IEEE, 955--962. ACM, 7. https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-neulion-bring-secure-4k-uhd-sports-streaming-computers/. Intel Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) Architecture for Oversubscription of Secure Memory in a Virtualized Environment. 2018. SecureKeeper: confidential ZooKeeper using Intel SGX. Analyzing trusted platform communication. Nico Weichbrodt, Anil Kurmus, Peter Pietzuch, and Rüdiger Kapitza. Performance Overhead Comparison between Hypervisor and Container based Virtualization. 2. Stefan Brenner, Colin Wulf, David Goltzsche, Nico Weichbrodt, Matthias Lorenz, Christof Fetzer, Peter Pietzuch, and Rüdiger Kapitza. 2016. 2018. A potential security vulnerability in Intel SGX SDK may allow for information disclosure, escalation of privilege or denial of service. We had informal discussions with an Intel rep. approximately 12 months ago, who stated that the Intel … https://01.org/intel-software-guard-extensions . Generation. To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below. 2016. 2016. In Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on hardware and architectural support for security and privacy, Vol. Once activated, the new hardware protects enclave code and data from outside access and modification. On the Performance of Intel SGX Abstract: As cloud computing is widely used in various fields, more and more individuals and organizations are considering outsourcing data to the public cloud. Currently, the “Intel SGX AESM” service is listed as running. Somnath Chakrabarti, Rebekah Leslie-Hurd, Mona Vij, Frank McKeen, Carlos Rozas, Dror Caspi, Ilya Alexandrovich, and Ittai Anati. L1 Terminal Fault . OpenSSL didn’t receive the CPU capabilities to determine the best AES-GCM implementation for the given platform. In Proceedings of the Hardware and Architectural Support for Security and Privacy 2016. 15 (2010), 2012. USENIX Association, Santa Clara, CA, 645--658. https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc17/technical-sessions/presentation/tsai. https://medium.com/@danny_harnik/22442093595a . 2018. 2018. Second, even when we have a code that achieves an optimal throughput when it accesses a clear-text data, it might not achieve that when it accesses an enclave’s local memory. 2017. First, using the default crypto libraries provided by Intel®, or any library ported for SGX, does not guarantee optimal performance. Improving Performance and Security of Intel SGX Research Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science Marina Minkin Submitted to the … International Organization for Standardization. ACM, 81--93. It runs unmodified applications inside Intel SGX supporting dynamically loaded libraries, runtime linking, multi-process abstractions, and file authentication. KVM: vmx: add support for SGX Launch Control. EverythingYou Should Know About Intel SGX Performance on VirtualizedSystems TU DINH NGOC, IRIT, France BAO BUI, IRIT, France STELLA BITCHEBE, IRIT, France … While this is helpful, it does not provide Klaus Kursawe, Dries Schellekens, and Bart Preneel. Intel SGX is vulnerable to an unfixable flaw that can steal crypto keys and more Just when you thought it was secure again, Intel's digital vault falls to a new attack.

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